Supply chain of horror
From the Brazilian rainforest to German groundwater
Tropical animals, huge rainforests and diverse river courses. All of this is associated with the Amazon rainforest in Brazil. But the flora and fauna there are exposed to great dangers. Environmental destruction is threatening the biodiversity of this unique biotope. Soybean cultivation in the Brazilian Cerrado – the largest savannah in the world – is a particularly serious problem. Ever larger parts of this area are being converted into agricultural land on which gigantic monocultures are being created. The harvested soybeans are then exported to Europe as animal feed, causing severe environmental damage there too. To draw attention to this problem, we were able to interview Peer Cyriacks from Deutsche Umwelthilfe e.V. (DUH).
In our 6-part video series “Supply chain of horror”, which was published on YouTube, Peer describes his impressions, which he was able to gain directly on site, and talks in detail about his work at DUH. He takes a look behind the scenes of European and German environmental policy and analyzes the failures of decision-makers. Peer also calls for more sustainable agriculture and offers food for thought on how this could be implemented.
What is the supply chain of horror?
When Peer was asked to describe the soy supply chain from South America to Europe, he spontaneously came up with the idea of describing it as the “supply chain of horror”. A name that is as memorable as it is apt, highlighting the appalling impact of soy imports on nature. He describes how Brazilian soy cultivation not only causes immense damage in South America, but also affects us in Europe. Despite the complex and interlinked relationships, the supply chain of horror can be summarized in five essential steps:
Creating farmland: In order to be able to grow the huge quantities of soy, arable land must first be created. Unscrupulous methods are used for this, which do not spare either people or nature. Large areas of forest are burned down – a catastrophe for biodiversity. Inhabitants are being driven off their land, sometimes under threat of violence.
Soy monocultures: Once the land has been finally cleared, soy monocultures are grown right up to the horizon. However, this requires a great effort, as the repeated cultivation of the same plant removes important nutrients from the soil. For this reason, chemical fertilizers and pesticides are sprayed, resulting in a heavy chemical burden on nature.
Shipment to Europe: The soy harvested in Brazil is not used locally, but is used as animal feed for industrial agriculture. It is distributed around the globe in huge ships, much of it to Europe. These long transportation routes also pollute the environment.
Industrial animal husbandry: Even if the soybean’s journey comes to an end at this stage, the supply chain is not over yet. The soy is fed in pigsties and then converted into carcinogenic nitrate in the course of natural cycles. Due to the amount of livestock, this results in excess nitrate, which seeps into the groundwater and pollutes the soil.
Cheap meat on supermarket shelves: After all, the animals are slaughtered and sold cheaply to the big supermarket chains. But the farmers hardly benefit from the sales. As the supermarket chains have used their influence to force the farmers into a state of dependency, the profits remain in the hands of the owners.
Who is Peer Cyriacks?
We have found the ideal discussion partner for our interview series in Peer Cyriacks. He has been working at Deutsche Umwelthilfe e.V. – one of the largest NGOs in Germany – since 2018, where he is Head of Sustainable Land Use and International Nature Conservation. Together with his team, he examines the impact of German consumption on a global level.
In this context, Peer was in Brazil in 2023 and was able to see the origins of the “supply chain of horror” first-hand. This personal experience is invaluable for understanding the complex economic and ecological systems. According to DUH, there is an urgent need for a rethink towards sustainable business practices. The DUH is also particularly committed to climate and environmental protection and also uses legal means to achieve this. The NGO can now claim important successes. Several lawsuits against the federal government have already been successful: most recently when DUH was ruled right by the Berlin-Brandenburg Higher Administrative Court that the measures taken by the federal government to comply with the Climate Protection Act were not sufficient.
Where to watch the interview series?
All six videos of our interview series are published on our YouTube channel Bees & Trees (https://www.youtube.com/@beestrees2537). In addition to the individual episodes, you will also find a playlist where you can watch the entire series in chronological order. Please subscribe to our channel to stay up to date and not miss any of our future video projects.
Episode 1: Briefly explained
In episode 1, Peer Cyriacks explains the supply chain of horror. He shows how Brazilian soy ends up with European farmers to keep factory farming going and what environmental problems this causes both in South America and in Europe.
Episode 2: Winners & losers
After Peer Cyriacks explained the origins of the “supply chain of horror” in the last episode, this week he explains who benefits from it and who suffers from it. He also shows why we as consumers pay twice for environmental damage.
Episode 3: Biodiversity vs. monocultures
In this video, Peer Cyriacks takes a look at the biodiverse nature in Brazil. The Cerrado in particular – the largest savannah in the world – is endangered by soy cultivation. The huge monocultures in these areas pose a particular threat to biodiversity. He also draws a comparison with German agriculture.
Episode 4: Political misconduct
In this episode, Peer Cyriacks explains the political circumstances that favor the “supply chain of horror”. He looks at both European decisions in Brussels and failures in German politics. We also discuss changes that environmental associations are calling for in order to make agriculture more sustainable.
Episode 5: DUH's work & successes
This time, Peer Cyriacks presents his work at Deutsche Umwelthilfe and outlines the areas in which he is involved. He also presents the methods used by DUH to combat the inadequate environmental policies of the federal states and the federal government. Climate lawsuits play a key role in these efforts.
Episode 6: Climate complaints & changes
To conclude, Peer Cyriacks returns to climate lawsuits and talks about his expectations following the successful lawsuits against the German government. He also explains how we as citizens can help to shape environmental policy processes and what changes he would like to see in the long term.
Demands & outlook
Perseverance is needed to overcome these serious problems. Climate litigation in particular usually takes a long time. If the other side appeals, months can quickly turn into years. Nevertheless, Peer believes that this work is indispensable. He also calls for greater awareness of nutrition, the environment and how these are interrelated. As a solution, he suggests education, which should be taught from an early age. In order to learn how to treat nature responsibly, children should receive nutritional and environmental education from an early age. He also insists that subsidies should be used sensibly. At the moment, a large proportion of the money is being used to prevent ecologically sustainable agriculture. In addition, taxpayers finance the compensation payments resulting from damage to nature and the environment. Citizens are therefore paying twice. Hence his clear demand: “Public money for public services”, i.e. financial support should only be given for services that ultimately benefit the general public.
We would like to take this opportunity to thank DUH and Peer Cyriacks for their cooperation. With his expertise and on-site experience, Peer was able to provide us with exciting insights into processes that many people are denied. For this very reason, it was important for us to share this information and draw attention to the underlying grievances. We are looking forward to further collaborations in the future and already have one or two topics up our sleeves. So be curious to see what awaits you next …
Soy is actually a versatile and useful plant, but its cultivation in Brazil is causing massive environmental problems.